CBD And Your Brain: Everything You Need to Know

It is no secret that cannabis contains mind-altering substances like THC, which can affect brain function. However, there has been growing interest in the non-psychotic cannabinoids in the cannabis plant in recent years. There is a particular interest in the role of cannabidiol (CBD) in brain health. It is true that CBD is non-psychotic and does not give high or cause euphoria. However, this does not mean that CBD does not influence the brain. On the contrary, studies show that it can affect the working of different brain parts and its action on the brain is quite often opposite to THC. In fact, most people take CBD due to its impact on the brain. Thus, they use CBD to reduce pain and anxiety, improve sleep, and more. There has been significant interest in its role in reducing epileptic seizures in recent years. Now there is no doubt that CBD may help in epilepsy, and there are even some US FDA-approved CBD-based medications for use in resistant cases of epilepsy. Moreover, the list of indications for CBD is expanding fast. New studies also show that CBD can help improve mental health and has anti-psychotic effects. Experts are even exploring its role in managing conditions like schizophrenia. Not only that, but it may also help get rid of substance abuse. It appears that CBD has the potential to help people addicted to cannabis, opioids, alcohol, cocaine, and other substances. Not only that, but it may also help reduce the severity of the withdrawal syndrome. So, yes, CBD has many effects on the brain, and new neuroimaging techniques and other methods of studying brain function are now helping researchers to understand how CBD works.

Does CBD Kill Brain Cells?

No, not in any way. It is a commonly asked question as people know that marijuana has a mind-altering effect and may be somewhat toxic to the brain. However, this has nothing to do with CBD. Moreover, there is sufficient evidence that CBD would not kill brain cells even at extremely high dosages. In fact, CBD is neuroprotective. Studies show that it can boost the antioxidant capacity of the brain and thus help protect the brain cells. This is the reason why researchers are also exploring its role in managing neurodegenerative disorders like dementia or Parkinson’s. In addition, early studies suggest that CBD may help by protecting brain cells from death. There is strong evidence from animal studies that CBD does not kill brain cells. Moreover, animal studies allow giving CBD at extremely high dosages. Not only that, in experimental animal studies, researchers can use CBD even in embryos. Thus, a study in an embryo of zebra fish found that a high dosage of CBD did not kill brain cells or cause severe neurotoxicity. Experts are even exploring CBD use for protecting brain cells from various toxins. Thus, one of the in-vivo studies found that CBD may help protect brain cells from alcohol-induced brain toxicity. Studies show that these effects are mainly due to the antioxidant effect of CBD.

How Does CBD Work in the Brain?

It is one of the complex questions that has been subject to much research. Though research has increased understanding of CBD’s mechanism of action, but it is worth understanding that things are not fully clear. It is quite likely CBD has multiple mechanisms of action, and thus is challenging to know how it works in the brain. The most well-accepted theory is that it works in the brain due to its impact on the endocannabinoid system. However, again, it is not clear how exactly this enables CBD to influence various brain functions. Though CBD can modulate cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, its action is not very strong. Researchers think that CBD works by affecting the different types of brain receptors and not just endocannabinoid receptors. Thus, CBD seems to affect serotoninergic, dopaminergic, vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1), and more. CBD also appears to increase the plasma levels of anandamide, which is better known as the “bliss molecule.” Its impact on anandamide levels is believed to help in psychiatric disorders. Although the mechanism of action of CBD is not fully understood yet, nonetheless, brain imaging studies show that there is a considerable change in the activity of various brain centers after taking CBD. This confirms that CBD can influence brain function in many ways.

Can CBD Cross the Blood Brain Barrier?

Many people are not aware of something called blood brain barrier (BBB). It is a network of closely knitted cells and blood vessels that prevent harmful substances from reaching the brain. BBB is like a dedicated security system of the brain. Thus, it controls the movement of all the substances in and out of the brain. That is why very few infections are able to harm the brain. But BBB also creates some issues. For example, many medications and supplements cannot penetrate the brain. It means that though these substances may have a beneficial impact on brain health in various experiments, they fail to help in real life. Fortunately, lipophilic or fat soluble substances have better brain penetration, and CBD is a highly fat soluble substance. Thus, CBD can readily enter the central nervous system (CNS) or cross BBB. That is why it has so many effects on brain cells. Not only that, it appears that CBD can even reduce inflammation of BBB and thus improve its function. This could be one of the ways in which CBD may exert a protective influence on the brain. Experimental studies suggest that CBD may help in ischemic and inflammatory conditions of the brain. CBD is also good for managing acute traumatic brain injury due to its ability to cross BBB and have a beneficial impact on the BBB.

CBD For Brain Tumors: What’s The Evidence?

Although a lot is known about the influence of CBD on mood and pain, however, in recent years, there has been increasing interest in testing CBD for managing more severe conditions. In addition, interest has been significantly rising in the role of managing brain tumors. Most brain tumors are glioma. These are cancerous tumors that are very aggressive and difficult to treat. Those diagnosed with the condition have a mean survival of just 14-16 months. Doctors mainly treated it with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as surgical removal of the tumor is not an option. CBD will not cure the tumor. However, interestingly enough, evidence is emerging that when it is used along with regular treatment, it may increase lifespan in many instances. For example, in one of the small studies in nine patients, the mean survival rate increased to 22.3 months. This is a considerable increase in the lifespan. Since very few medications can prolong life in glioma, researchers have wondered about the underlying mechanism of action of CBD. They have proposed that it may be working in many ways. For example, one of the ways CBD helps is by preventing cancer-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, thus preventing the death of brain cells. They think this happens due to the calcium influx induced by CBD through TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4) activation. Studies show that cannabidiol helps in brain tumors in multiple ways, and thus it may help in different kinds of brain tumors. Yet another study demonstrated that CBD might help prevent brain cancer progression by increasing the production of antioxidants in the brain.

CBD also has a supportive role in managing brain tumors

CBD is not just for suppressing the growth of brain tumors. It appears that it can also have a supportive role in treating brain tumors. In addition, it can be a part of palliative care. Thus, regular CBD use may help improve mood, reduce anxiety, and prevent cancer-associated depression. It may also help prevent other issues like pain, nausea, and more. Another reason for using CBD in brain tumor patients could be to reduce tumor-related seizures. In those living with a brain tumor, these seizures tend to be quite resistant to various treatments. Studies show that CBD could be especially good for those living with resistant seizures. It can help reduce their severity and frequency.

Are There Any Negative Effects of CBD on The Brain?

Regretfully, very little is known about the negative influences of CBD on the brain, as science still does not have a complete understanding of its mechanism of action. Nevertheless, researchers think that one should not abuse CBD. Furthermore, one should not use CBD for no apparent reason. Since CBD causes widespread changes in the brain and can affect the working of brain cells, it is quite likely that it may cause neurotoxicity in some. Additionally, it can cause drug-drug interactions, alter the working of the liver, and may have some negative effects on gut health. To conclude, CBD may not be psychoactive, but it does influence the working of the CNS. It may help reduce activity in hyperactive parts of the brain. Thus, it can help in conditions like anxiety, pain, and mood swings. It may also help normalize the production of certain neurotransmitters, thus helping in depression. Its ability to change the excitability of neurons can help manage seizures due to epilepsy or brain tumors. Additionally, new studies show that it can help those diagnosed with brain tumors by extending their lifespan. It has a particular role in the palliative care of brain cancer. If you are interested in CBD products for brain health, contact us and we can provide more information.

Minor Cannabinoids: Everything I should know.

Humans have used cannabis for thousands of years for recreation to industrial use. Besides, they also knew that its extract could help in a range of health conditions.

However, the use of marijuana was suddenly outlawed in most parts of the world by the mid-20th century. Regretfully, most countries even banned the cultivation of low-THC cultivars. Fortunately, researchers started realizing that not all cannabis products harm health. And some are even quite beneficial.

Despite the ban on recreational use of marijuana in the early to mid of the last century, its medicinal use was allowed. As a result, researchers continued to explore its chemical properties. As a result, they understood that this plant has many unique phytocompounds and more than 100 cannabinoids.

However, despite discovering so many cannabinoids, it would be correct to say that science has been slow to explore the health benefits of various cannabinoids. The popularity of cannabidiol (CBD) has not helped in this direction. The popularity of CBD has even prevented the study of other cannabinoids.

CBD is undoubtedly among the most abundant cannabinoids, and many of its health benefits are known to science. But now, scientists realize that some unique health effects of cannabis plants are due to the entourage effect that occurs in the presence of other cannabinoids and terpenes in the plant.

What Are Minor Cannabinoids?

CBD, THC, and even CBG are in abundance in many cultivars of the cannabis plant, and thus they are called major cannabinoids.

However, there are almost close to 100 known cannabinoids that are very poorly known to science. Nonetheless, things are not that bad, as science now knows the health benefits of tens of these less common cannabinoids.

These cannabinoids are present only in small amounts in the cannabis plant, and thus science calls them minor cannabinoids. However, in the specific cultivars of the cannabis plant, these compounds are more abundant.

There are many ways of getting these minor cannabinoids, like growing cultivars of the cannabis plant in which they are more abundant or using the knowledge of chemistry to change major cannabinoids to minor ones.

There are even some successful attempts at synthesizing these minor compounds. Thus, they are quite likely to become popular in the future, finding broader use as health supplements.

What Are the Types of Cannabinoids?

There are many types of cannabinoids like neutral cannabinoids, cannabinoid acids, various cannabinoids, and many other minor cannabinoids.

Though they might belong to different groups; however, the difference is generally minor. Quite often, shared traits are more than differences. It is because they all have a similar beginning. However, even these minor differences in a chemical structure may sometimes result in a considerable change in health benefits.

What Are the Effects of Minor Cannabinoids?

Although there are hundreds of cannabinoids, there we look at some of the more popular ones. About ten of the minor cannabinoids are more or less well-studied by science. Rest are still waiting for science to discover their health effects.

Cannabinol

Cannabinol, or CBN, is one of the earliest known cannabinoids that science discovered way back in 1896. It is a result of the degradation of THC under the influence of UV rays. It means that it is more commonly present in plants abundant in THC.

This minor cannabinoid is quite a potent analgesic and also has anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, it is suitable for controlling muscle aches. Science has found it suitable for those living with fibromyalgia in recent years.

Additionally, it is suitable for modulating immunity, reducing the risk of various allergies. Finally, studies show that it is also ideal for controlling glaucoma.

When it comes to metabolic effects, it seems to stimulate appetite.

It is suitable for reducing anxiety, promoting relaxation, and improving sleep quality.

Cannabichromene

Cannabichromene or CBC is in abundance in some cannabis cultivars. It appears to have a greater affinity for CB2 receptors than CB1, which means that it affects peripheral organs more than the brain.

Some researchers have studied it for its anti-inflammatory action. In animal studies, it seems to be as good as some of the commonly used medications but without their side effects.

Science has also explored its ability to reduce neurodegeneration, which may be associated with its anti-inflammatory action. Additionally, it seems to stimulate neural stem progenitor cells and thus have a beneficial effect. It may also help in neurodegeneration by modulating the brain’s immune cells and astrocytes. It is quite likely to be good for preventing and managing Alzheimer’s.

Cannabigerol

Cannabigerol or CBG is a precursor of THC and CBD, meaning that these well-known major cannabinoids are formed in the plant through the conversion of CBG. However, as the plant matures, CBG levels decrease. It also means that it has the properties of influencing both the CB1 and CB2 receptors.

It appears to be especially good for reducing inflammation. Researchers have paid particular attention to its role in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially Crohn’s disease. It may help prevent its exacerbation and help maintain its prolonged remission. It appears to help in multiple ways, from reducing inflammation and boosting NO production to helping fight oxidative stress.

Since it is so good for reducing inflammation, it is also beneficial for brain health and may have a role in neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, it also demonstrated anti-cancer activity in many experimental studies. It may suppress the growth of cancer cells and reduce the risk of metastasis.

Cannabidioloic Acid

Cannabidioloic Acid, or CBDA, has a low affinity for CB1 or CB2 receptors, but it may act on other pathways, including the serotoninergic pathway. Due to its impact on various inflammatory enzymes, it is especially good for reducing pain and inflammation. CBDA is especially good for preventing hyperalgesia or increased pain sensation found in conditions like fibromyalgia.

CBDA also has a potent nausea-reducing effect, which is much stronger than CBD. In addition, it appears to suppress acute nausea quite well and thus can be part of anti-cancer treatment.

Further, some experts suggest that it may be more effective than CBD in controlling seizures. Thus, it is better for those living with conditions like resistant epilepsy.

Cannabigerolic Acid

CBGA is the father of all major cannabinoids that is THC and CBD. It is especially good for those living with metabolic disorders and it may help prevent cardiovascular issues. Studies show it to be good for reducing insulin resistance. In addition, some studies suggest that it is good for relieving nausea and preventing vomiting.

Researchers are also exploring its role in cancer prevention. For example, it may help prevent certain types of cancers like colon cancer and even leukemia.

Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid

Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid, or THCA, is the father of THC. However, it is non-psychotic and thus safe to use for health benefits. In recent years, science has explored its anti-inflammatory action. It appears to be quite good for reducing inflammation caused by various disorders. It is not only good for local inflammation but also systemic inflammation. Thus, for example, one study shows that it may have a role in managing inflammatory conditions like COPD.

Science is also exploring many other amazing effects of this minor cannabinoid-like anti-inflammatory activity and its role in preventing dementia. It may also help prevent seizures and help reduce rigidity in Parkinson’s.

Cannabidivarin

Cannabidivarin or CBDV is suitable for managing seizures due to its impact on various brain centers. As a result, in recent years, it has gained significant attention for treating epilepsy, and many pharmaceutical companies are testing it to manage the condition. At least, early results are highly encouraging, and CBDV-based medications to treat epilepsy may likely get an FDA nod soon.

It is also suitable for other brain disorders like autism spectrum disorders. In addition, it may have a role in managing multiple sclerosis and even in rare conditions like Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Tetrahydrocannabivarin

THCV is good for reducing inflammation, though at present most of the evidence comes from studies in mice. It also showed some promise in managing epilepsy. Additionally, it can help lower blood glucose levels. Some studies have also explored its role in various skin disorders.

One interesting fact to note about THCV is that studies seem to suggest that it is a negative modulator of the endocannabinoid system, which is just the opposite of what major cannabinoids like THC or CBD do. So, it means that it may have a role in managing substance abuse and reducing the side effects of marijuana.

This is undoubtedly not a complete list of all the minor cannabinoids. This discussion only demonstrates how various cannabinoids differ from each other. Exploring the role of each cannabinoid may help create unique health supplements and even medications. In many cases, these remarkable compounds may even help treat some rare disorders like muscular dystrophy or multiple sclerosis.

There are many other minor cannabinoids that science is studying, like Cannabitriol, Cannabicitran, delta-8 THC, and more. What is interesting is how diverse these cannabinoids are in their health effects. Some may boost the function of CBD or THC, others modulate their health effects, while some may even act as antagonists of these well-known major cannabinoids.

To conclude, science has paid much attention to CBD and even THC in the last few decades. However, studies indicate that many minor cannabinoids also possess amazing health effects. Thus, it is now time for science to start exploring these minor cannabinoids and studying how various cannabinoids interact with each other. As we explore these minor constituents of cannabis, we are pretty likely to find some compounds with unique health effects.

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